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英语As常见的几种用法
英语As常见的几种用法
黑龙江省农垦建三江管理局第一高级中学 杨丽丽
【摘要】as人词性灵活,词义丰富,能引导多种句式,每种句式又有许多的考点,所以研究as在文中教学的几种用法是十分有价值的。
【关键词】词义;倒装;句式
记得一位同事曾对我说,她大学的毕业论文就是《as的几种用法》。在教学实践中我发现as确实有灵活的词性,丰富的词义,引导多种句式,所以总结如下,如果能给广大同仁或学生几许积累,几分启迪那是再好不过的了。
一、词义
(一)在牛津双解词典中as有如下几个意思:
1.①prep象、如同、似dressed as a policeman穿着打扮像警察②作为a job as a pailon 包装的工作③由于鉴于As he is her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence由于他是她的私人秘书;他有机会接触她所有的信件。④在的时候As a child, She was sent to six different schools. 她小时候曾被送进六所不同的学校学习过。
2.adv、as……as(介词)①as tall as his father 和他父亲一样②as…as(连词)He looks as ill as he souded on the phone.从电话里听他病的不轻,现在看上去真是病的那么重。
(二) 在高中阶段,我认为刘说诚老师编导的学生使用英汉词典是实用的。这里所编进的词意有以下几点:
①adv.同样,一样 Tom runs fast,but I run just as fast.
②prona.像…样的人或物 the same asb.这一点 as follows
③prep 作为 as a teacher
④conj a.比较 as white as snow
b.如同 Do it as I do. c.当···时候I need the letter as I walked along the river.d.由于 We all like her as she is kind.e.以至于He raised his voice so as to be heard.f.Tired as they were ,they walked on.
⑤as 构成的短语as for 对于,就···而论As for me,I have nothing to say
⑥as…as 结构中第一个as是副词
第二个as是连词,否定时也可以写成not so…as
⑦在比较中的倍致表达为同级比较
a.A is as…as B 译为:A和B一样… as与as之间加形容词原级b.A is 倍数as…as B 译为:A是B的···倍c.A is not as/so…asB 译为:“A不如B”d.A is halt(a quarter) as…as is译为:A是B人一半(1/4)。
二、as的实际应用
在高中的学习中,结合近几年高考对as的考查,我把as分成几种情况介绍。
1.as是介词
As是介词后面加名词或代词的宾格形式。仅此一点就可以和连词区分开来,高中学习中as也作连词,而连词后面一定加的是句子。As作为介词的用法较简单,常出现在完形或单选中。
如:2010全国卷
As a child,he studied in a villaye school,which is named after his grandfather.
分析:As是介词翻译为“作为”
2、as是连词
As作为连词可以连接时间状语从句,方式状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状从句和非限定性定语从句。
a、如:时间状语从句As time went by ,he grew wp .b、如:方式状语从句Do it as I told you. c.如:让步状语从句
1.Strong as he is,he could not move the stone.
Much as he I loves her,he did not go with her.
Child as he is,he knew eveny
Try as he might,he failed
出题人往往愿意在这一环节中出现考题。如:95考题
_______,he doesn’t study well.
A.As he is clever B.He is as clever
C.Clever as he isD.As clever he is
分析:答案是C“尽管他很聪明,都不好好学习”as引导让步状语从句,表语clever 提到as之前,构成倒装语序。
d、如:原因状语从句
84年高考题
We had better hurry ____ it is gettry dark.
A、andB.loutC.asD.unless
分析:答案为C。as引导原因状语从句翻译为“因为”。
e、as引导同级比较,倍数问题。
如:94年上海高考题
With the help of the German experts,the favtong predwud cars in 1993 as the year loefone,
A.as twice many B.as many as twice C.as twice as manyD.twice as many
分析:答案为D as形容词原级加as
在各校模拟题中:
______,he is fawous for unitng bloys
A.As he is a teacher B.A teacher as he is
C.A teacher although he isD.Teacher as he is
答案是D 当名词至于as前时,前为零冠词。
As的考点很多,像引导限定性定语从句。就详细讲解了as和which的区别,首先在意思上的区别as翻译为“正如”,而which指前面某物或整个一件事。其次在位置上,as的位置灵活,可置句首也可置句中;而which只能引导限定性定句从句,置于主句之后。
They said they were French,which wasn’t true,他们是法国人,是在撒谎。
Which引导从句置于主句之后,which指代前面“他们说他们是法国人”整个这件事。
As Engels point out ,labour created man himself .正如思想其于指正的,劳动创造了人。
As翻译为“正如”能够放在主句之前。
如:高考题
we know,more than 70% percent of the earth is covered with water.
A.which B.As C.Because D.That
分析:答案为“B”翻译为:正如我们知道的,地球超过70%是水覆盖的。
As译为“正如”在从句中充当宾语,置于句首。
在as结合成的短语中
a.有as long as 译为“像一样”或“只要”
As long as you stndy hard ,you will make great progress.只要很努力学习,就会取得很大进步b.the same as 译为:与···是同类This is the same tool as I used last time.这和我上次用的是同一种工具c. as far as I am concerned 译为“据我所知”As soon as she heard the news, she came to tell us about it.她一听到这消息就来告诉了我们。
e. as if 可以引出虚拟语气
三、知识整合
As的用法很多,只要我们在教学中多总结、多归纳,就会想出提纲挈领的学习方法。把as的用法用知识树的结构表达出来,更易于学生的掌握
②状语从句
条件
这样的学习就会达到事半功倍的效果。
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